Audiences are not only entertained Essay Example for Free

Audiences are not only entertained Essay For centuries, drama has acted as a mirror for culture and society. Through the power of dramatic form, we have been invited to be entertained yet also engaged in the social concerns, which can both be provocative and surprising. Both Stolen by Jane Harrison and A Beautiful Life by Michael Futcher and Helen Howard address contemporary social concerns and issues in Australian society. Stolen employs dramatic styles, techniques and conventions to portray the social issues caused by the stolen generation. On the other hand, A Beautiful Life again employs dramatic styles, techniques and conventions to portray the unforgettable story of a refugee family who escaped the hardships of Tehran Jail, only to find themselves suffering racism and injustice in the High Court of Australia. Stolen addresses the Stolen Generation and the social concerns surrounding the impact of individuals and the Indigenous community. Harrison splits up the action between five diverse characters, tracing their independent stories from childhood to adulthood. We have the sexually and physically abused (Ruby); the hopeful turned hopeless (Jimmy); the stolen child who in turn has her children stolen from her (Shirley), the lost (Sandy) and the black girl in a white mans world (Anne). In a workshop of the opening scene, Arriving (pg. 1) in which the characters speak in the stream of conscious style the difference in what each actor produced to portray their particular character was very noticeable. Harrisons use of a wide breadth of characters is effective in reflecting the broad spectrum of social concerns the Stolen Generation faced: physical, sexual and mental abuse, I promised not to tell (Ruby: pg. 8); high suicide and depression rates, I cant fight (Jimmy: pg. 34); cultural loss, Who do you think you are? (Voices: 29); loss of belonging, Always on the run (Sandy: pg. 3) and loss of family, This time Im going to hold my baby and never let go (Shirley: 2). Stolen uses absurdist techniques, including a non-linear and episodic plot  structure and undefined place and time to convey the disconnection and lost culture that has resulted within the Indigenous community as a result of the Stolen Generation. The dialogue closely follows the conventions of spoken language creating a sense of realism to the audience, to emphasis the fact that these events did happen and cannot be reversed. One of the most typical techniques with Stolen is the use of monologues. The experiences of each child are portrayed through these monologues the delivery indicates how these experiences are traumatic and a fundamental part of their psyche that is not easily spoken about through normal conversation. Through a class workshop I was able to watch a class mate act Jimmys monologue Racist Insults'(pg. 33-34). I found this scene particularly engaging because we are not only watching a young man end his life, but we watch a fraction of how our White Australians treated the Indigenous. The audience gets a first hand view of the racism and abuse copped by most Indigenous Australians, this scene shines a direct light on the hardships we put forward onto our Indigenous and why a whole culture is missing from our nation. While Stolen deals with how we treat our Indigenous, A Beautiful Life cover the social issues surrounding refugees and the ignorance of Australian people regarding human rights. This play covers the period when 5000 Mojahedin freedom fighters were killed by Irans government regime. The play interweaves the experiences of Hamid: his torture in jail in Tehran and witnessing human rights abuses before making a dramatic escape to Australia; and his arrest and trial following a protest outside of the Iranian Embassy in Canberra in 1992. Hamid, his wife Jhila and their son Amir who represent refugee culture are represented in the court by Australian lawyers Brendon OSullivan and Stephanie James. Both present the Australian culture as being ignorant bloody Arabs (pg. 21), racist a bunch of Muslim fanatics (pg. 7) and stereotypical ranting bloody slogans to Allah (pg. 7). Futcher and Howard emphasis the un-empathetic nature, stereotypical and racist culture of Australians through Stephanie and Brendan. Amir (Hamids son) makes the perfect narrator as he grows and develops through the play from a young Iranian boy into a 20 year old Iranian/Australian who can believable comment on both countries. The character of Amir has humour Shes Irish, she can get really angry (pg. 41), compassion, Its all  right, Mum (pg.11) and a desire to tell the story of his Iranian/Australian family, What about the Boltons, Dad? (pg. 13). Brechtian techniques such as the used of a non-linear and episodic storyline, as well as historification and the breaking of the forth wall (through Amir) give insight into contrasting cultures and systems of justice. The use of performance styles, such as physical theatre, engage the audience so that the play has heighten reality: allowing the audience to follow Hamid, through the racism, prejudice and his lack of human rights. The use of dramatic dialogue allows the characters in A Beautiful Life, persuade, argue, threaten, provoke and inspire the audience. Language techniques include the use of the Farsi accent or clipped tone to lend authenticity to the Iranian feel of the text and of course to show the reactions of Australians represented by Brendan and Stephanie when the characters speak their mother tongue. I first encountered the use of the accent when acting the character of Jhila in _SCENE FIVE,_ I feel as an actor that use of accent does add authenticity and a sense of realism throughout the scenes making it easier for the audience to connect with the character rather than the actor. Through the power of dramatic form, we have been invited to be entertained yet also engage in the social concerns explored throughout Stolen and A Beautiful Life. Through the performance of scenes in workshop activities and in-depth study of both texts, I have come to understand the styles, form and conventions Harrison, Futcher and Howard use to convey their points of view. Whilst Stolen uses absurdism to portray the social issues caused by the stolen generation, A Beautiful Life uses Brechtian techniques to portray the unforgettable story of a refugee family who escaped the hardships of the pain and suffering caused by the Stolen Generation on both the personal and societal side Tehran Jail, only to find themselves suffering racism and injustice in the High Court of Australia. On a final note both composers worked well using dramatic forms, techniques and conventions to engage the audience to understand the social concerns explored in the plays.

Issues in Angioplasty and Bypass Surgery

Issues in Angioplasty and Bypass Surgery Bypassing Angioplasty When it comes to heart disease, surgical intervention is expensive, invasive, and largely ineffective. Studies show that traditional surgical interventions, such as angioplasty with stent placement and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) do not benefit stable patients. These treatments target stable plaques that is not in danger of rupturing to form a clot and ignore the dangerous, unstable plaque that doesnt show up in tests. For years, doctors thought that the main cause of heart attacks was the buildup of fatty plaque. They believe that over time the vessel would become so narrow that flow would be compromised, and eventually the vessels would close up or be clogged. Now we know that the facts are much different. Most of the large clots that create heart attacks occur in parts of the heart where the arteries are not severely narrowed. Instead, they occur in areas where the plaque is soft and has a thinner cap, sitting on an unstable, cholesterol-laden base. The propensity of plaque to rupture and create a complication or infarct depends on two other important criteria: the tensile stress (destabilizing pressure) on the fibrous cap, and the amount of inflammatory white blood cells that have infiltrated the lipid segment. The older, more stable plaques are larger and more likely to obstruct blood flow, leading to angina. Those are the plaques typically treated with angioplasty and stenting, yet they are not vulnerable plaques and not likely to initiate a clot that can cause an infarction. Now we know that a certain type of plaque and a certain type of biochemical event most often trigger a heart attack. These plaques are often not visible to conventional cardiac testing, such as stress tests and angiograms, because they do not obstruct blood flow, or impinge on the vessel lumen sufficiently to be visualized by such tests. Plaque can become stable with dietary excellence, and it can become unstable relatively quickly with dangerous eating. It is the more recently deposited, and more recently modified, plaque, resulting from eating dangerously, that can create vulnerable plaque and make semi-vulnerable plaque more vulnerable, precipitating a cardiac event. Angioplasty and bypass surgery do not address or fix the vulnerable plaque in a persons coronary circulation. These procedures address the least dangerous (old) plaque and therefore have no effect on reducing the risk of future cardiac events. However, eating carefully can immediately make plaque less vulnerable by reducing inflammatory cells, reducing soft plaque, and reducing tensile stress. Superior nutrition stabilizes both the base of the plaque, to keep it from rupturing, and the cap of the plaque, to keep it from cracking. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), commonly known as heart-bypass surgery, is the most common heart surgery in the United States. A healthy artery or vein is connected to the obstructed coronary artery creating a new path for the blood to flow to the heart muscle. The blood bypasses the obstructed vessel, with a resulting relief in angina. The serious risks of CABG include an increased risk of stroke and overall death rate compared with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (or angioplasty with stent placement), loss of mental function in the elderly, atrial fibrillation, and other more unusual events, such as failure of the sternum to close properly after surgery. Percutaneous coronary intervention is a nonsurgical procedure during which the physician feeds a thin flexible tube, or catheter, from the groin or arm into the heart. The catheter has a deflated balloon on the end, and when the tube reaches the blockage, it is forced though. The balloon is then inflated to open the artery, allowing blood to flow better. Then a stent, or short metal wire tube, is placed to prevent the stretched vessel from closing up again quickly. The most serious risks of PCI include death, heart attack, stroke, ventricular fibrillation and aortic dissection. Ons study showed that 1.2 patients out of every 100 died in the hospital undergoing PCI. The tactic of using surgical intervention as a substitute for a healthy diet is doomed to fail. Whenever CAD is present and surgical intervention occurs, the vast bulk of plaque is still left untreated. Atherosclerosis is a dietary-induced disease that spreads throughout the heart, not only in those areas visualized by angiograms. The vast majority of patients who undergo these interventions do not have fewer new heart attacks or live longer. The procedures themselves expose patients to more risk of new heart attack, strokes, infection, encephalopathy (disease in the brain), and death. Angioplasty, with or without stenting, also damages the treated blood vessel. It increases inflammation in the treated vessel and raises levels of C-reactive protein, which creates restenosis and increases the risk of recurrent coronary events. Restenosis is more resistant to regression with nutritional approaches than native atherosclerosis. Once an individual has a stent placed that foreign body in the vessel wall increases inflammation at the edge of the stent. This can enhance the potential for the treated area to generate a clot, leading to a future heart attack. These medical interventions do not address the cause of the disease; they treat only the symptoms-an approach that lessens pain for a limited period. Getting tested and treated for coronary obstructive disease wont help. Individuals without major blockages of their great vessels are just as likely to have a fatal cardiac event as those with more significant blockages. Nd yet, stress tests and angiography dont even show these individuals as having heart disease. Stress tests identify only those blockages that obstruct more than 85 percent of the vessel lumen. 70-80 percent of all myocardial infarctions are caused by plaques that is not obstructive or visible on angiography or stress tests. If you just have high blood pressure and high cholesterol and are overweight or diabetic, we recommend aggressive nutritional intervention and an exercise program customized to your fitness level and tolerance. If you have symptoms suggestive of angina with exertion, then we recommend you also use aggressive nutritional intervention to reduce the plaque burden and stabilize the plaque so that it doesnt form a clot. You should monitor your blood pressure and undergo blood tests. We also recommend that you get a noninvasive test to monitor heart output and wall motion, such as a cardiac ultrasound along with a carotid ultrasound, with can include measurements of the intima-media thickness, as well as an accurate determination of body fat to monitor the lowering direction of plaque burden and body fat stores. Even if someone has chest pain with light exertion, with documented left main disease (disease in the left main coronary artery) with a reduction in ejection fraction, we still recommend nutrition as the primary treatment in a stable patient. This is because my experience has shown that in two or three months, ejection fraction can improve dramatically and angina can already be significantly improved. I do not recommend angiography and stenting or bypass unless acute coronary syndrome is present, worsening ejection fraction on repeat ultrasounds is demonstrated, or ventricular arrhythmias are severe or worsening. There is an emergency diet approach in chapter 8 that starts patients with serious disease on an aggressive dietary intervention for maximizing results. All the symptoms of heart disease, as well as blockages, can melt away with superior nutrition without any cardiac intervention. The risks and complications of cardiac interventions and bypass surgeries are simply not necessary when people adopt an effective nutritional strategy. Instead of prescribing drugs and recommending expensive and invasive medical procedures, doctors need to educate themselves and then educate and motivate patients to take charge of their own health.

Impact of tourism in Greece

Impact of tourism in Greece Tourism Impact Greece Corfu The Economic Impact In Greece, in 2006, Travel Tourism is expected to post à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬37.2 billions of economic activity (Total Demand), growing to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬70.3 billion by 2016. Greeces Travel Tourism Industry is expected to contribute 7.3% to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2006 rising in nominal terms to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬26.3 billion by 2016. The Travel Tourism Economy contribution (per cent of total) should rise from 16.4% to 17.2% in this same period. In the European Union, Travel Tourism is expected to post average annualized gains of 3.5% between 2007 and 2016. For Greece, Travel Tourism activity is expected to grow by 4% per annum in real terms between 2007 and 2016. Greeces Travel Tourism Economy employment is estimated at 867,000 jobs in 2006, 20% of total employment, or 1 in every 5 jobs. By 2016, this should total 1,216,000 jobs, 20.9% of total employment or 1 in every 4.8 jobs. The 449,000 Travel Tourism Industry jobs account for 10.3% of total employment in 2006 and are forecast to total 601,000 jobs or 10.3% of the total by 2016. Travel Tourism is a major exporter, with inbound visitors injecting foreign exchange directly into the economy. Travel Tourism exports in the European Union are expected to represent 13.0% of total exports in 2006. In Greece, exports make up a very important share of Travel Tourisms contribution to GDP. Of Greeces total exports, Travel Tourism is expected to generate 29.1% or à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬11.8 billions in 2006, increasing to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬23.9 billions or 27.8% of total, in 2016. Travel Tourism is very significant for construction and manufacturing. In 2006, the public and private sectors combined are expected to spend 9.3% of total investment on new Travel Tourism capital investment worldwide rising to 9.6% of the total in 2016. In the European Union, Travel Tourism Capital Investment is expected to be in total the 8.6% of total regional capital investment in 2006. Travel Tourism Capital Investment in Greece is estimated at à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬6.4 billions or 14.3% of total investment in 2006. By 2016, this should reach à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬12.9 billions or 14.8% of the total. Nowadays bureaucracy in Greece is having a very negative impact on both operations and investment. In that nation, as in other countries, responsibility for policies and services that affect Travel Tourism are spread among many ministries. However, co-operation between these different ministries and government departments appears to be seriously lacking which affects everything within the government and occurs serious issues. The Environmental Impact Travel Tourism has the potential to bring enormous benefits to people and environments, especially in terms of providing an alternative source of income. However, if not developed in a sustainable way, the industry may result in negative impacts such as environmental degradation, alienation of local communities and, ultimately, destruction of the product itself. If Greeces Travel Tourism is to realize its full potential, any threats to its sustainability must be firmly addressed and tackled before it finds itself in the same situation as some well-established resort destinations such as Spain. Its future depends on preserving the combination of natural and cultural assets, as well as engaging the support of the communities that will be the life-blood of the industry. Integrated plans and planning processes should address issues such as airline carrying capacity, tourism supply and demand, resource utilization and economic, socio-cultural and environmental impacts. In every community there are those who believe that, if nature is to be preserved, it should be left completely untouched. While this belief is infinitely more worthy than a disregard for the environment in a quest for profits, a balance between the two extremes ensures the long-term economic well-being and preservation of an area. A Greek island located in the Ionian Sea named Corfu has an extremely rich natural, historical and cultural heritage and the goal must clearly be to preserve it all. The key is to ensure that tourism development and environmental management are mutually supportive, and that integrated planning, policies and implementation provide for environmental impact assessments for all tourism projects. In addition, a list of valuable historic, natural, and cultural sites, which can be logically exploited for tourism, should be identified and steps taken to conserve those sites for long-term use. Protection of the environment also means limiting construction (especially in terms of accommodation capacity) and ensuring cleanliness and effective sanitation services. Investment in infrastructure and facilities in Corfu appears to be inadequate. Firm government and strong legislative guidelines to ensure that regional and local authorities are adhering to sound development principles must be enforced. The Socio-Cultural Impact The socio-cultural impact of tourism is developed through an enormous range of aspects from the arts and crafts through to the fundamental behavior of individuals and collective groups. A factor often overlooked by researchers is the socio-cultural impact of tourism on the visitor population. Visitors to Corfu, for example, often find it hard to resist adopting the beach-based lifestyle and the Greek culinary particularity when they return home. Generally there is a variety of ways in which we examine the relationships between tourism development and socio-cultural changes. The socio-cultural impact is based on the host-guest interaction and the behavior of tourists. In Corfu and generally in Greece the development of the elements above, every year is being improved because the whole economy of the country is based on tourism and for this reason another significant element is that tourist crime doesnt exist in Greece and therefore in Corfu. In other countries the tourists are the most common victims of the marginal populations of each place, but in Corfu the tourists are absolutely safe and crime incidents involving tourists are fiddling. Corfu is also a very popular destination because of the local customs during the Easter period and other customs during the year. However, if the tourists are not aware of, or care of, the local customs they may behave in a way that creates several social frictions between tourists and residents. Corfu is quite rich in customs and each custom gives the tourist an opportunity to adapt to the local traditions. References Tourism: Principles and Practice (Cooper, Fletcher, Fyall, Gilbert, Wanhill), Fourth edition. www.msu.edu/course/prr/840/econimpact/pdf/ecimpvol1 www.impact.gr/products/itourism_285.htm www.islandheritage.org/tourism.html www.ecotourism.org/WebModules/WebMember/MemberApplication/ www.dallascityhall.com/convention_center/pdfs/city_tourism_impact www.economicsbulletin.vanderbilt.edu/2008/volume3/EB-07C20155A www.sete.gr/files/Ebook/TourisminGreeceBuhalisinCurrentIssues

Primary Behavior Changes and Cide Effects of LSD Essay -- Chemistry Ch

Primary Behavior Changes and Cide Effects of LSD LSD (D lysergic acid diethylamide) is a very potent synthetic hallucinogen. It is manufactured from lysergic acid, found in ergot, which is a fungus that grows on grains. In its original form, LSD is a white or clear, odorless, water soluble crystal that can be crushed into a powder and dissolved. LSD goes by the street name â€Å"acid† or â€Å"blotter† and is sold in tablets, capsules and sometimes liquid form. Oftentimes LSD is added to absorbent paper and sold in individual squares or â€Å"doses† which are then dissolved on the tongue. LSD is an extremely potent mood changing chemical. A person’s subjective world changes drastically once LSD is taken (Blacker, Jones, Stone, & Pfefferbaum, 1968). Users refer to their experience with LSD as a â€Å"trip.† These experiences generally begin about 30 to 90 minutes after taking the drug, and last from 6 to 12 hours. LSD is sometimes described as a drug that breaks down barriers, but the results of taking LSD are complex and variable. Every trip is different and users show a wide range of reactions (Terrill, 1964). The first signs of LSD are usually physical, and can include dilated pupils, salivation, sweating and nausea, loss of appetite, sleeplessness, tremors, dry mouth, chills, raised body temperature, rapid heartbeat and elevated blood pressure. As the trip progresses, one’s mood, perceptions and sensations become affected (Palfai & Jankiewicz, 2001). In the first phase of the trip there may be abnormal body sensations, changes in mood, space and time distortions and visual hallucinations (Palfai & Jankiewicz, 2001). Time may seem to stand still, or race forward or backward... ... lasting LSD side effect [Letter to the editor]. American Journal of Psychiatry, pp. 1233-1234. Blacker, K.H., Jones, R.T., Stone, G.C.,& Pfefferbaum, D. (1968). Chronic users of LSD: the â€Å"acidheads.† American Journal of Psychiatry, 125, 341-351. LSD JustFacts. (n.d). Retrieved February 8, 2005, from http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/jf/drugs/lsd.asp Pahnke, W. (1967, March). LSD and religious experience. Paper presented to a public symposium at Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT. Palfai, T., & Jankiewicz, H. (2001). Drugs and human behavior (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill. Terrill, J.(1964). LSD, the consciousness expanding drug. New York: David Solomon. Ungerleider, J.T., Fisher, D.D., Fuller, M., & Caldwell, A. (1968). The â€Å"bad trip.† The etiology of the adverse LSD reaction. American Journal of Psychiatry, 124, 1483-1490.

Mexico City Policy :: essays research papers fc

On August 16, 1984 an international conference regarding population was held in Mexico City. It was at this conference that the Reagan Administration implemented the â€Å"Mexico City Policy†, also known and the Global Gag Rule. This policy stated that Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) would be prohibited from receiving United States funds if they performed, promoted, referred or counseled patients on abortion. The funds would be withheld from the NGOs even if the money used for abortion services were non-U.S. funds. This policy was in effect from 1984-1993 when president Bill Clinton came into office. On January 22, 2001 president George Bush reinstated the Mexico City Policy. There has been much debate over whether the policy is helping or hurting those abroad. Many people in the United States are not aware that the Mexico City Policy is in effect, or even what it is. It is very important that people here are aware of how the government is controlling health care and wo men’s rights in other countries. â€Å"It is my conviction that taxpayer funds should not be used to pay for abortions or advocate or actively promote abortion either here or abroad,† Bush stated in his memorandum to reinstate the Mexico City Policy. However, the policy does not state that funds will be withheld if the US taxpayer’s money is used; it states that monies will be withheld if abortion services are offered at all, even if it is not US money. Douglas Johnson the legislative director for the National Right to Life Committee states, the â€Å"government will no longer..try to legalize abortion in countries in Latin America, Africa, and Muslim countries in which people are strongly opposed to abortion and believe in the protection of unborn children.† What Johnson fails to recognize is that in countries where abortion is legal women’s rights are being compromised. U.S. Representative Christopher H. Smith expresses his feelings in his article â€Å"A Congressional View: The Unborn Must be Protected† (Global Issues Electronic Journal) by stating, â€Å"Abortion is child abuse.† Smith also comments that when the policy was previously in effect it had no affect on the family planning money received by NGO’s. It may not have affected the money received but it did affect women who were denied the option of abortion services. On January 22, 2003 president Bill Clinton rescinded the Mexico City Policy stating that it â€Å"undermined efforts to promote safe and efficacious family planning in foreign nations.

Essay --

During adolescents, there is an increased vulnerability for depression due to biological, cognitive, and socio-environmental changes. For this paper, I will be discussing Scarlet, a 16 year old Hispanic female whose parents have divorced two years ago, and because of that Scarlet has been displaying symptoms of Persistent Depressive Disorder and Oppositional and Defiant Disorder. This paper will review literature which supports Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as being an effective form of treatment for depression with adolescents. I will also review literature which supports Family Therapy as being an effective treatment for adolescents with parent-child relational problems. I will also discuss any issues related to culture, ethnicity, and age regarding Scarlet and her family. Client’s Presenting Problems Scarlet is a sixteen year old Hispanic female who resides in Edison with her biological mother. Scarlet is currently a junior at JP Steven’s high school. Scarlet was referred because she is displaying symptoms of depression as evidenced by isolating herself from her family and peers, irritability, excessive sleeping, a history of suicidal ideations, and a loss of interests she used to enjoy. Scarlet also displays oppositional and defiant behaviors as evidenced by constant argumentative behavior, anger outbursts, refusal to follow the rules, and cursing and screaming at her mom on a daily basis. Scarlet was hospitalized at UMDNJ for six days in January of 2013 following an incident where a truant officer picked her off of the street. Scarlet’s mother reported Scarlet was texting her â€Å"I wish I was dead.† Scarlet’s mother reported both parents divorced two years ago and Scarlet’s behavior began to decline shortly... ...e to her age and her issues could not be taken serious simply because she is a â€Å"teenager†. In conclusion, There is an increased vulnerability for depression in adolescents due to biological, cognitive, and socio-environmental changes. For this paper, I discussed Scarlet, a 16 year old Hispanic female whose parents have divorced two years ago, and because of that Scarlet has been displaying symptoms of Persistent Depressive Disorder and Oppositional and Defiant Disorder. I reviewed literature which supports Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as being an effective form of treatment for depression with adolescents. I will also reviewed literature which supports Family Therapy as being an effective treatment for adolescents with parent-child relational problems. Scarlet will most likely benefit from CBT and family therapy given the involvement of her parents in therapy.

Applied Linguistic And Language Learning

Today, linguistics is developed rapidly. Another aspect related to the fields of language study is also growing. Studies on language not only covers one aspect only, but has extended to areas or aspects outside the language associated with the use of language and human life. Linguistic theory is a branch of applied linguistics that focuses on the general theory and methods common in language research. Branches of linguistics can be divided into phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics.Therefore, applied linguistics can be applied in any field. One is education related to language learning. According to Bloom & Lahey (Owen, 1992:14), language is very complex systems that can be well understood with elaborate an element or component functions. Language can be divided into three principal, though not equally important components: patterns, content, and usability. When people use language, it encodes the ideas (semantics), ie, it uses a symbol of sounds, words, and so represent an ac tual incident, object, or relationship.To communicate these ideas to others, the use of certain patterns, which include such an important part together with the corresponding sounds (phonology), the appropriate word order (syntax), and the prefix and suffix appropriate word (morphology) to clarify more specific. Speaker uses components to receive certain communications purposes, such as searching for information, get information or to get a response (pragmatics). To discuss more in depth the relationship of applied linguistics and language learning,  the following is mentioned several things that become problems in this study. The question is as follows: 1. What is the applied linguistics?2. What are the objects of study that applied linguistics? 3. How is the relationship between applied linguistics with language learning?II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definition of Applied Linguistics The words applied/ apply, worthily to apply, which means Wearing or Using could also be i nterpreted tread, use, and deploy. Word meaning Applied = put to practical use. Word applied derived from compounding of applied linguistics. There are also linguists who disagree with the term applied linguistics, for example, Spolsky (1978) in Pateda (2011), he is more likely to agree with the terms of educational linguistics. The reasons of it, the scope of applied linguistics are broader than linguistic education, because applied linguistics also related to the translation, lexicography, language planning and other aspects.The term applied linguistics refers to a variety of activities that involve some aspects related to the language problem solving or addressing some of the concerns related to language. The object of applied linguistics study is not another language, that are the human language that serves as (1) communication systems that use speech as a medium, (2) human language daily, (3) the language that is used daily by humans as members of a particular community, or in English is called with an ordinary language or a natural language. This means the spoken language as the primary object of linguistic, whereas written language as a secondary object of linguistics, as written language can be considered as â€Å"derivative† of spoken language.The following is mentioned several sciences related to applied linguistics as the object of his studies that are: (1) Applied Linguistics or the sciences of language aspects, and in this case the language used in the literal sense. This is called pure linguistic, (2) the sciences of language, and in this case, the term language used in a figurative or metaphorical sense. Examples of science that category is kinesic and paralinguistic. Kinesic is the science of body motion/ gesture/ body language, such as head nods, hand signals and others. Paralinguistic is a science that focuses on specific activities that accompany the  pronunciation of the language, such as wheezing breath, clicking sound, laughing, small coughing, astonished forms such as ehm, anu, apa itu, apa ya and so forth, (3)Science on the opinions of the language. Metalinguistic, for example, the science that discuss the ins and outs of â€Å"language† used to describe language that is reflected in terms of linguistic theory studies, linguistics methods study, etc., (4) The sciences of the language sciences. Which belong to this category are studies that specialize in linguistics itself, just as the study of the history of linguistics, linguistic studies in the twentieth century and others. The four types of knowledge mentioned above, the only number (1) who could be called as a purely linguistic knowledge because it’s really language, while the others are not a science of language in daily terms. It could be argued that the language be applied linguistics object studied from various aspects.Those include aspects of sounds, morphemes and words, phrases and sentences as well as meaning. Branch of linguistic s which studies of sound is phonological. Morpheme or word level studied in morphology. Phrases/ sentences discussed in syntax. Whereas meaning studied in separate science called as semantics. Thus, it can be said that linguistic branches in terms of â€Å"tataran† consist of phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Based on the above, it appears that applied linguists focused more on the application of linguistics in language teaching.This means that the applied linguistic closely related to: (1) the application of linguistic in the field of a practical use, (2) not applied linguistic theory, but the application of the theory that is linguistic theory, (3) the goal of improving the practical tasks with focusing on language.2.2 Definition Language Learning According Degeng (1997), Learning is an attempt to learn student. Teachers should be able to select appropriate learning strategies in any kind of learning activity, so it will be the actual achievement of learning obje ctives. Gilstrap and Martin (1975) also stated that the teacher's role is more closely related to the success of learners, especially with respect to the ability of teachers to define learning strategies. Learning a language is essentially a study of communication.Therefore, learning the language is directed to enhance the learner's ability to communicate, both  orally and in writing (Department of Education, 1995). This is relevant to the curriculum in 2004 that the competence of language learning directed into four, sub-aspects namely reading, speaking, listening, and listening. Brown (2000:7) suggested reconsidering some of the traditional definitions. Dictionary ‘ present ‘ reveals that learning is the acquisition of knowledge, (acquiring or getting of knowledge of a subject or a skill by study, experience, or instruction).2.3 The Relationship between Applied Linguistics and Language Learning The link between applied linguistics and language teaching, Soenardji exp lained as follows: a scientific analysis of the various symptoms formulated into rules phonologic, morphological and syntactic processing into instructional materials in language teaching. According Basiran (1999) purpose of language learning is to improve the communication skills of learners in a variety of communication contexts. Capabilities developed are comprehension of meaning, the role, the power of interpretation, assess, and express themselves with language.All of them are grouped into language, understanding, and use. To achieve the objectives above, language learning should recognize the principles of language learning that is then manifested in their learning activities, as well as make these aspects as a guide in their learning activities. Principles of language learning can be summarized as follows: (1) Learners will learn best when treated as individuals who have needs and interests, (2) Learning is given the opportunity participated in communicative language use in a variety of activities, (3) Learning is when he intentionally focused learning to shape, skills, and strategies to support language acquisition process, (4)Learning is deployed in the data socio-cultural and direct experience with being part of a culture of the target language, (5) If aware of the role and nature language and culture, (6) If given appropriate feedback regarding their progress, and (7) If given the opportunity to manage their own learning (Aminuddin, 1994). In language teaching there are terms and concepts need to be understood in the proper sense, for example, approaches, methods, and techniques. The approach is a set of assumptions regarding the nature of language, and language learning. The method is an overall plan in a systematic presentation of language based approaches is determined. While the technique are specific activities that  are implemented in the classroom, in harmony with the methods and approaches that have been. Thus the approach is axiomatic, a method is procedural, and technique is operational.III. PROBLEM & DISCUSSION Generally, it can be stated that linguistics is the science of language, or the science that makes language as an object of its study, as stated Martinet (1987:19) study of the science of human language. Linguistics often called general linguistics, linguistic science means that not only examines a language course, but examining the intricacies of language in general, the language became a tool of social interaction of humans, which is the French term called â€Å"langage†. For example, words in Indonesian â€Å"Perpanjang† can be analyzed into two morphemes, namely the â€Å"per-â€Å" and â€Å"panjang†. Morpheme per- referred to as the causative morpheme because it gives the sense of ‘ caused so ‘ extended meaning ‘ caused something to be long ‘.As a means of human communication, language is a system that is at once systematic and systemic. What is meant by systemic is that language is not a single system, but also consists of several subsystems of phonology, morphology, and syntax. As a science, linguistics also has a long history. Language learning activities result in an attempt to learn the language learners with effective and efficient manner. Efforts can be made and the purpose of analysis and study of the students’ characteristics, analysis of learning resources, establish a strategy of organizing, learning content, learning delivery strategy set, set a learning management strategy, and establish procedures for the measurement of learning outcomes.Therefore, every teacher must have skills in choosing learning strategies for each type of learning activity. Thus, selecting appropriate learning strategies in any kind of learning activity, the expected achievement of learning objectives can be met. A language learning program that is comprehensive and integrated cannot escape from giving input linguistic and cultural aspects at the same time. This is necessary so that students can apply their linguistic skills and language skills in a cultural context, as embraced by the community. In the process of language learning, there are a number of variables, which is both linguistic and nonlinguistic nature, which can determine the success of the learning process. Variables it is not a thing apart and stand on their own,  but is interconnected, related, so it is a system network.Language learning successes namely called principles of learning, which can be grouped into the principles of psychological students, and the nature of linguistic material. Psychological principles include motivations, their own experience, curiosity, analysis and synthesis of individual distinction. Thus, it can be concluded that applied linguistics is associated with both Indonesian language learning and second language taught to students. One study applied linguistics is contrastive analysis is very useful for educators in determin ing what material will be delivered in the language learning, which is adapted to the similarities and differences between the native language of students with second language students will learn.In the error analysis, easier for students to use second language and to correct any errors that may occur in the use of the second language, so that minimize the occurrence of errors in language. Analyzing language also helps in determining the method to be used in language learning..IV. CONCLUSION Applied linguistics is the utilization of knowledge about natural language produced by students of language that is used to increase keberhasilgunaan practical tasks that use language as a core component. The object of study of applied linguistics is not another language, the human language that serves as a communication system that uses speech as a medium; human language daily, a language that is used daily by humans as members of a particular community, or in English is called with an ordinary language or a natural language.For the purposes of language learning, applied linguistics focused on: (1) theoretical grains that have strong validity in linguistics, and (2) a wide range of possibilities and alternatives to guide the implementation of language teaching. Possibilities and alternatives were sought to be consistent and in line with the theoretical point in linguistics. Based on the above, it can be said that applied linguistics is associated with both Indonesian language learning or second language is taught to students.One study applied linguistics is contrastive analysis is very useful for educators in determining what material will be delivered in language learning that is adapted with similarities and differences between the native language of students with second language students will learn. I  the error analysis, easier for students to use second language and to correct any errors that may occur in the use of the second language, so that minimize the occurre nce of errors in language. Analyzing language also helps in determining the method to be used in language learning.